PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU TAHAN PADA PROSES QUENCHING MEDIA AIRRADIATOR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA AISI 1045

Taufiq Qurohman, TQ (2026) PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU TAHAN PADA PROSES QUENCHING MEDIA AIRRADIATOR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO BAJA AISI 1045. Other thesis, Universitas Perwira Purbalingga.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi waktu tahan pada proses hardening dan quenching menggunakan media air radiator terhadap sifat mekanik dan struktur mikro baja AISI 1045. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen. Spesimen baja AISI 1045 dipanaskan pada temperatur 850 °C dengan variasi waktu tahan 60, 90, dan 120 menit, kemudian didinginkan secara cepat menggunakan media air radiator. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian kekerasan Rockwell, pengujian tarik, dan pengamatan struktur mikro melalui metode metalografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi waktu tahan berpengaruh terhadap kekerasan baja. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu tahan 60 menit sebesar 62,7 HRA, kemudian menurun menjadi 59,2 HRA pada 90 menit dan 56,8 HRA pada 120 menit. Pada pengujian tarik, kekuatan tarik tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu tahan 90 menit sebesar 1032,89 MPa, sedangkan waktu tahan 60 dan 120 menit menghasilkan kekuatan tarik sebesar 878,06 MPa dan 788,53 MPa. Nilai regangan berturut-turut sebesar 38,12%, 31,14%, dan 42,45%, sedangkan modulus elastisitas berada pada kisaran 201,8–205,7 GPa. Pengamatan struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa seluruh spesimen didominasi oleh ferit dan perlit. Waktu tahan 60 menit menghasilkan ukuran butir relatif halus, waktu tahan 90 menit menghasilkan distribusi fasa lebih homogen, sedangkan waktu tahan 120 menit menunjukkan kecenderungan pertumbuhan butir. Dengan demikian, waktu tahan 90 menit memberikan kekuatan tarik terbaik, sedangkan waktu tahan 60 menit memberikan kekerasan tertinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan waktu tahan cenderung menurunkan kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik pada waktu tahan lebih lama akibat perubahan mikrostruktur dan pertumbuhan butir yang terjadi selama proses perlakuan panas berlangsung. Kata kunci: AISI 1045, quenching, waktu tahan, Sifat Mekanik, Struktur Mikro.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the effect of holding time variation during the hardening and quenching processes using radiator water as the quenching medium on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AISI 1045 steel. The research employed an experimental method. AISI 1045 steel specimens were heated to a temperature of 850 °C with holding time variations of 60, 90, and 120 minutes, followed by rapid cooling using radiator water as the quenching medium. The tests conducted included Rockwell hardness testing, tensile testing, and microstructural observation using metallographic methods. The results showed that holding time variation affected the hardness of the steel. The highest hardness value was obtained at a holding time of 60 minutes, reaching 62.7 HRA, which subsequently decreased to 59.2 HRA at 90 minutes and 56.8 HRA at 120 minutes. In the tensile test, the highest tensile strength was obtained at a holding time of 90 minutes, reaching 1032.89 MPa, while holding times of 60 and 120 minutes resulted in tensile strengths of 878.06 MPa and 788.53 MPa, respectively. The corresponding strain values were 38.12%, 31.14%, and 42.45%, while the modulus of elasticity ranged from 201.8 to 205.7 GPa. Microstructural observations indicated that all specimens were predominantly composed of ferrite and pearlite. A holding time of 60 minutes produced relatively fine grains, whereas a holding time of 90 minutes resulted in a more homogeneous phase distribution. Meanwhile, a holding time of 120 minutes showed a tendency toward grain growth. Therefore, a holding time of 90 minutes provided the optimum tensile strength, while a holding time of 60 minutes resulted in the highest hardness. The results indicate that increasing the holding time tends to reduce hardness and tensile strength at longer holding durations due to microstructural changes and grain growth occurring during the heat treatment process. Keywords: AISI 1045, quenching, holding time, mechanical properties, microstructure.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Subjects: T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Sains dan Teknik > Teknik Mesin (Material)
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email perpustakaan@unperba.ac.id
Date Deposited: 07 Oct 2026 02:04
Last Modified: 07 Oct 2026 02:04
URI: https://eprints.unperba.ac.id/id/eprint/605

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